Introduction to Python¶
What is Python?¶
Python is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language.
Python’s design philosophy emphasizes code readability with its notable use of significant whitespace
Key Points¶
Designed by: Guido van Rossum
Typing discipline: Duck, dynamic, gradual
Stable release: 3.8.2 / 24 February 2020; 25 days ago
Preview release: 3.9.0a4 / 26 February 2020; 23 days ago
Paradigm: Multi-paradigm: functional, imperative, object-oriented, reflective
Why Python?¶
Python Is Free and Open-Source
Python Is Popular, Loved, and Wanted
Python Has a Friendly and Devoted Community
Python Has Elegant and Concise Syntax
Python Is Multi-Platform
Python Supports Multiple Programming Paradigms
Python Offers Useful Built-In Libraries
Python Has Many Third-Party Packages
Python Is a General-Purpose Programming Language
Python Plays Nice with Others
Why Python Rocks for Research?¶
Holistic Language Design
Readability
Balance of High Level and Low Level Programming
Language Interoperability
Documentation System
Hierarchical Module System
Data Structures
Available Libraries
Testing Framework
Getting Started¶
Printing Message¶
print("Hello World!")
Hello World!
Variables¶
What is Variables?
Creating / Declaration of Variables
Naming Conventions
Restrictions / Reserved Words / Identifiers
a = 10
print(a)
10
b = 10.5
print(b)
10.5
type(b)
float
print(a)
10.5
b = 10.5
print(b)
10.5
print(a)
10.5
name = "abul"
print(name)
abul
type(name)
str
myName = "Jubayer"
my_name = "Jubayer"
sayHello = "Hello"
import keyword
print(keyword.kwlist)
['False', 'None', 'True', 'and', 'as', 'assert', 'break', 'class', 'continue', 'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'finally', 'for', 'from', 'global', 'if', 'import', 'in', 'is', 'lambda', 'nonlocal', 'not', 'or', 'pass', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'with', 'yield']
False = "Sammo"
File "<ipython-input-33-044471a12d85>", line 1
False = "Sammo"
^
SyntaxError: can't assign to keyword
as = "Student"
File "<ipython-input-34-73a552ff327a>", line 1
as = "Student"
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
class = "11"
File "<ipython-input-35-eae6fc40a0c2>", line 1
class = "11"
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
import = "this"
File "<ipython-input-36-47ce75f72138>", line 1
import = "this"
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
Statements¶
Instructions that a Python interpreter can execute are called statements. For example, a = 1 is an assignment statement.
a = 10
b = 10.5
name = "Sammo"
Comments¶
# Print Hello
print("Hello")
Hello
Data Types¶
Data is the collection of facts! data cen be anything like numbers, audio, images, video, text, papers.
Integers(int)
Floating Point(float)
Complex(j)
Strings
Integers¶
x = 10
type(x)
int
y = 5.5
type(y)
float
c = 2 + 6j
type(c)
complex
my_name = "Jubayer"
type(my_name)
str
name = 'abul'
type(name)
str